8.2 Air Traffic Control Entities

The ground controller is responsible for all ground traffic, which includes aircraft taxiing from the gates to takeoff runways and from landing runways to the gates. When the ground controller determines that it is safe, the ground controller directs the pilot to push the plane back from the gate. Airline personnel operate the tugs that push the aircraft back and direct the plane out of the gate area. As the plane taxis to the runway, the ground controller watches all the airport's taxiways and uses ground radar to track all the aircrafts, especially during bad weather, ensuring the plane does not cross any active runway or interfere with ground vehicles. The ground controller talks with the pilot by radio and gives the pilot instructions, such as which way to taxi and which runway to go to for takeoff. Once the plane reaches the designated takeoff runway, the ground controller passes the strip to the local controller. The local controller in the tower watches the skies above t...