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Showing posts from August, 2022

8.2 Air Traffic Control Entities

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  The ground controller is responsible for all ground traffic, which includes aircraft taxiing from the gates to takeoff runways and from landing runways to the gates. When the ground controller determines that it is safe, the ground controller directs the pilot to push the plane back from the gate. Airline personnel operate the tugs that push the aircraft back and direct the plane out of the gate area. As the plane taxis to the runway, the ground controller watches all the airport's taxiways and uses ground radar to track all the aircrafts, especially during bad weather, ensuring the plane does not cross any active runway or interfere with ground vehicles. The ground controller talks with the pilot by radio and gives the pilot instructions, such as which way to taxi and which runway to go to for takeoff. Once the plane reaches the designated takeoff runway, the ground controller passes the strip to the local controller. The local controller in the tower watches the skies above t

7.2 The Airport and the Environment

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Noise pollution in my opinion is one the largest environmental impact airports are facing today. Airports surrounding environment such as residences, schools, and hospitals are affected by noise pollution. Aircraft flight paths also expose communities to aviation noise, and airspace redesign efforts, which are intended to improve aviation safety and efficiency may expose previously unaffected communities to raising concerns in those communities about higher noise levels. For example, the Schiphol Airport, located near Amsterdam in The Netherlands is one of the most noise sensitive major airports in Europe. For the past few decades, proposals for new infrastructure developments or expansion operations have consistently met with community opposition due to noise pollution. The noise nuisance problem at Schiphol airport has been elevated to a major political issue in The Netherlands. One strategy the airports are using during the actual day-to-day operation are having the air traffic co

6.2 Legislative Acts

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Birth of Federal Aviation Agency       Although the Civil Aeronautic Authority(CAA) was doing it's best to conduct accident investigations and recommend ways to prevent accidents, t he aviation world of technology was rapidly growing. The British overseas aircraft corporation introduced the first commercial jet service in 1952. The 36-seat comet flew at 480 mph. In comparison, the top cruising speed up the DC-3 piston aircraft was only flying 180 mph. By the mid 1950s U.S. companies begin designing and building their own jet airliners.       The straw that broke the camel’s back struck on June 30th 1956, a Transworld Airlines Super Constellation and a United Airlines DC-7 collided over the Grand Canyon, Arizona, killing all 128 occupants of the two aircraft. This tragic accident dramatized the fact that even though U S air traffic add more than doubled since the end of World War Two little had been done to mitigate the risk of midair collisions.          On August 23, 1958, U.S. Pr

Human Factors in Aviation

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            Despite all the changes in technology to improve flight safety, one factor remains the same, human factor which leads to errors and accidents. It is estimated that approximately 80 percent of all aviation accidents are related to human factors.  Fatigue, complacency and stress are some of the human conditions in aviation directly cause or contribute to aviation accidents. Human factor accidents and incidents are associated with flight operations but over the years aviation maintenance and air traffic management have become a major concern as well.  Human factors science is a multidisciplinary field incorporating contributions from psychology, engineering, industrial design, statistics, operations research, and anthropometry. It is a term that covers the science of understanding the properties of human capability, the application of this understanding to the design, development and deployment of systems and services, and the art of ensuring successful application of human fa